Orthognathic surgery, also known as orthofacial surgery or corrective jaw surgery, is recommended for people with significant jaw irregularities that cannot be corrected by orthodontics alone. When the cause of a malocclusion is an incorrect position of the jaws, it is referred to as a skeletal malocclusion, and orthognathic surgery is usually required to correct it permanently.
This type of surgery aims to resolve problems relating to jaw alignment, bite function and facial aesthetics. People who may require orthognathic surgery usually have the following problems:
1. Malocclusion (incorrect bite)
– Severe overbite or underbite
– Open bite: when the upper and lower teeth do not touch when the mouth is closed, causing difficulties with chewing.
– Crossbite: where some upper teeth lie inside the lower teeth, causing jaw misalignment and tooth wear.
– Asymmetrical bite: where the jaw is uneven, resulting in facial asymmetry and functional problems.
2. Jaw misalignment
– Discrepancies in the growth of the lower jaw and upper jaw: when the two grow at different rates, leading to functional or aesthetic problems.
– Facial asymmetry: when one side of the face appears noticeably different from the other due to jaw misalignment or abnormalities in jaw growth.
3. Sleep apnoea
In cases of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), repositioning the jaws can help to open the airways and reduce breathing problems during sleep.
4. Difficulty chewing, swallowing or speaking
Severe jaw misalignment can make basic functions such as chewing, swallowing or speaking difficult or painful.
5. Chronic jaw pain or TMJ disorders
Orthognathic surgery may be recommended to correct structural problems that contribute to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders or chronic jaw pain.
6. Facial trauma or birth defects
– People who have suffered trauma or have congenital conditions, such as a cleft palate or craniofacial syndromes, may require surgery to restore proper function and appearance.
7. Cosmetic concerns
Some patients seek orthognathic surgery for purely aesthetic reasons to improve the appearance of their face or jaw.
Orthognathic surgery involves a collaborative effort between an orthodontist and Dr Birbe, often preceded or followed by orthodontic treatment to ensure the correct alignment of the teeth and jaws.
Is there a specific age for orthognathic surgery?
Yes. Generally speaking, there is a recommended age range for orthognathic (jaw-corrective) surgery, but the exact timing depends on several factors, particularly the individual’s growth and development.
The key is to determine whether the direction of growth of the jaws is the same as that of the face. When the movements involved in orthognathic surgery are in line with the direction of facial growth, it is possible to carry out orthognathic surgery at an early age, as soon as the second molars have erupted, usually around the age of 12–13. This would be the case, for example, with a patient who requires an advancement of the upper or lower jaw.
When the movements involved in orthognathic surgery are opposite to the direction of facial growth (for example, when mandibular setback is required), it is recommended to wait until jaw growth is complete to ensure that the results of the surgery are stable.
Age guidelines
– Adolescents to young adults (17–21 years for men, 15–18 years for women):
The ideal time for orthognathic surgery is normally once the jaw has fully developed, which generally occurs in late adolescence or early adulthood.
In women, growth usually stops earlier (around 15–18 years), whilst in men it may continue for a little longer (around 17–21 years).
Performing the surgery before growth is complete may cause the jaws to shift again as the patient continues to grow, leading to the need for further surgery.
– Early surgery in special cases
In cases of severe functional problems during childhood, orthognathic surgery may be performed at an earlier age if the patient has significant functional problems that substantially affect breathing, eating or speech, such as in certain craniofacial syndromes or severe congenital conditions.
In such cases, the surgery may be carried out in stages, with follow-up procedures in adulthood once growth is complete.
– Adults aged between 20 and 30
Orthognathic surgery can also be performed on adults, and many people undergo the procedure when they are between 20 and 30 years old, or even older.
Results are generally stable in adults because the jaws have stopped growing, but there may be a longer recovery time compared with younger patients.
– Adults aged 40 and over
Whilst less common, older adults can also undergo orthognathic surgery if necessary, although they may face a slightly higher risk of complications and a longer recovery time. Pre-surgical orthodontic treatment may also be more challenging for them due to their less flexible bone structure.
Patients who require jaw correction to treat sleep apnoea generally fall into this age group.
Surgery is therefore generally recommended once jaw growth is complete (at the end of adolescence or in early adulthood), unless the direction of the correction is the same as that of facial growth. However, it may be carried out later, depending on the individual’s condition and needs. Orthodontists and surgeons often use growth assessments, such as X-rays, to determine the best time for surgery.
What does planning for orthognathic surgery involve?
Planning for orthognathic (jaw-corrective) surgery is a detailed and collaborative process involving several steps, often with the involvement of an orthodontist, Dr Birbe and, on occasion, other specialists. The aim is to ensure that the surgery not only corrects functional and aesthetic problems with the jaw, but also aligns the teeth and improves the patient’s overall bite.
Below is an overview of the typical steps involved in planning orthognathic surgery:
1. Initial consultation
– Start of the process. This usually begins with a consultation with an orthodontist and a surgeon. They will assess your bite, facial symmetry and the overall alignment of your jaw.
– Patient’s objectives. You will discuss any functional problems (for example, difficulty chewing, speaking or breathing) and any aesthetic concerns you may have regarding your jaw or facial appearance.
– Medical history. The surgeon will review your medical history to assess whether you are a suitable candidate for surgery.
2. Pre-surgical orthodontic treatment
– Braces (usually 12 to 18 months): most patients will need to wear them for between 8 and 12 months prior to surgery. The orthodontist will straighten the teeth and position them to ensure the best possible alignment after surgery.
– Alignment for surgery: the teeth are aligned in a way that may temporarily worsen your bite, as the aim is to prepare them to fit together correctly after the jaw has been repositioned.
– Surgery-first protocol: in some cases, surgery may be carried out before orthodontic treatment, as the resulting situation is favourable for this approach. We will determine whether this is the case during your initial consultation.
3. Imaging and diagnostic tests
– X-rays, CT scans and photographs: detailed images are taken to assess the position and alignment of the teeth and jaws. This generally includes panoramic X-rays, 3D CT scans and facial photographs from various angles.
– Dental impressions or 3D scans: impressions of your teeth (or digital scans) are taken to create models of your bite, which help with planning the surgery.
– Cephalometric analysis: we use cephalometric X-rays, which are lateral images of the head, to measure jaw angles and assess skeletal relationships. This helps to guide the surgical approach.
4. Surgical simulation
– Virtual surgical planning (VSP): in all our cases, we use computer-assisted virtual planning to simulate the surgery before it takes place. By using 3D models of the patient’s jaws and teeth, we can digitally reposition the jaws, determine the exact movements required and predict the post-surgical results.
– Simulated surgery: we sometimes use 3D-printed models of the patient’s jaws to perform a ‘simulated’ surgery in advance. This helps to ensure the most accurate and predictable outcome.
5. Surgical planning
– Surgical guides: Based on the virtual planning or simulated surgery, the surgeon can create customised splints or surgical guides to help ensure precise bone cuts and the correct position of the jaw during surgery.
– Multidisciplinary approach: the surgeon will work closely with the orthodontist to ensure that the teeth and jaws align correctly after surgery, and may consult with other specialists (for example, speech and language therapists or sleep specialists) if the case involves specific issues such as sleep apnoea or speech difficulties.
6. Pre-operative appointment
– Final preparations: as the surgery approaches, there will be a final consultation with the surgeon to confirm the plan and go over any last-minute details. Post-operative care, recovery expectations and the risks associated with the procedure will also be discussed.
– Medical clearance: if the patient has any underlying medical conditions, they may need clearance from a doctor to ensure they are fit for surgery.
7. Surgical procedure
– The surgery itself is usually carried out in a hospital or surgical centre and can last between 1 and 3 hours, depending on the complexity of the case. It is performed under general anaesthesia.
– Common types of procedures:
– Le Fort I osteotomy: for upper jaw (maxillary) surgery.
– Bilateral split sagittal osteotomy (BSSO): for lower jaw (mandible) surgery.
– Genioplasty: surgery to reshape the chin, which is often carried out in conjunction with jaw surgery.
8. Post-surgical orthodontics
– Braces after surgery: these are usually kept in place for a further 6 to 12 months to fine-tune the alignment of the teeth.
– Final adjustments: the orthodontist will carry these out to ensure the bite is perfect, making minor adjustments to the teeth as necessary.
9. Follow-up and recovery
– Post-surgical follow-up: there will be regular follow-up appointments with the surgeon and the orthodontist to monitor healing and adjust the treatment plan as necessary.
– Physiotherapy: this is recommended in some cases to help restore full jaw function.
– Dietary and activity restrictions: You will likely follow a soft or liquid diet immediately after surgery and gradually return to a normal diet. Activity levels will also be restricted during the recovery period to ensure proper healing.
10. Long-term monitoring
– Once the orthodontic appliances have been removed, retainers are usually worn to maintain the new alignment of the teeth. Regular check-ups, with both the orthodontist and the surgeon, may continue for some time to ensure that everything remains stable.
The planning process is meticulous to ensure that the surgical outcome addresses both functional and aesthetic concerns, and that the results are long-lasting and stable.
What are the risks and complications associated with orthognathic surgery?
Orthognathic surgery, like any major surgical procedure, carries certain risks and potential complications. Whilst most patients achieve successful outcomes, it is important to be aware of the short- and long-term risks that may arise. These complications can range from mild to more serious, and we will discuss them with the patient during the planning process.
The main risks and complications associated with orthognathic surgery are detailed below:
1. Infection
– Risk: Infection at the surgical site is a common risk in any surgery. In orthognathic surgery, this can occur around the incisions inside the mouth or in the bone segments.
– Management: Infections are usually treated with antibiotics, but severe cases may require further surgery to drain the infected areas.
2. Nerve damage and numbness
– Risk: One of the most common complications is temporary or permanent nerve damage, particularly to the inferior alveolar nerve, which affects sensation in the lower lip, chin and, sometimes, the gums.
– Symptoms: numbness, tingling or altered sensation in the lips, chin, cheeks or tongue.
– Outcome: nerve damage is usually temporary and resolves within weeks or months. However, in some rare cases, the numbness may be permanent, particularly in the lower jaw.
3. Recurrence (backward displacement of the jaw)
– Risk: Post-surgical relapse occurs when the jaws return to their original position after surgery. This is more likely if they have been moved significantly during surgery.
– Treatment: Occasionally, relapse can be corrected with post-surgical orthodontic treatment, but in severe cases further surgery may be necessary.
4. Problems with bite alignment
– Risk: After surgery, the teeth may not align perfectly, resulting in bite problems (malocclusion) or difficulty chewing.
– Treatment: Orthodontic appliances or other adjustments are often needed after surgery to fine-tune the bite. In rare cases, further surgery may be required if the bite is not correct.
5. Problems with the jaw joint (TMJ disorders)
– Risk: Problems with the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), such as pain, clicking or difficulty moving the jaw, may develop or worsen after surgery. The joint may be strained during the repositioning of the jaws.
– Treatment: TMJ problems are usually treated with physiotherapy, anti-inflammatory medication or other non-surgical treatments, although surgery may be necessary in severe cases.
6. Difficulty with healing
– Risk: Some patients may experience delayed or poor bone healing (non-union or malunion), where the bones do not heal properly or do not align as expected.
– Treatment: If healing is delayed, the surgeon may recommend additional treatments, such as bone grafts, further surgery or the prolonged use of orthodontic appliances.
7. Bleeding and blood clots
– Risk: Bleeding is a natural part of surgery, but in rare cases, excessive bleeding or the formation of blood clots (thrombosis) may occur, particularly in the legs or lungs (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism).
– Management: We take steps to minimise bleeding during surgery, and post-operative care includes monitoring for signs of clotting.
8. Changes to facial appearance
– Risk: Orthognathic surgery can result in significant changes to facial appearance, which is often one of the objectives. However, in some cases, patients may be dissatisfied with the appearance of their face after surgery.
– Management: Thorough pre-operative planning, including computer simulations, helps patients understand the potential changes. If aesthetic concerns persist, further cosmetic surgery may be an option.
9. Swelling and bruising
– Risk: Swelling and bruising are normal following orthognathic surgery and may last for several weeks.
– Management: Swelling usually peaks a few days after surgery and then gradually subsides. Ice packs, keeping the head elevated and anti-inflammatory medication can help to manage it.
10. Post-operative pain
– Risk: Moderate to severe pain is to be expected after surgery, although it generally subsides over time.
– Management: Pain is managed with prescribed painkillers immediately after surgery, and patients usually switch to over-the-counter painkillers after a few days or weeks.
11. Sinus problems
– Risk: In upper jaw surgery (maxillary osteotomy), there is a risk of developing sinus complications, such as sinus infections or chronic congestion.
– Management: These problems are usually temporary, but in some cases further medical or surgical treatment may be required to address persistent sinus problems.
12. Difficulties with speaking and eating
– Risk: It is common to experience temporary changes in speech or difficulty eating whilst the mouth and jaw adjust after surgery.
– Management: Speech may be affected during recovery, but most people return to normal once healed. In cases where speech problems persist, speech therapy may help. Dietary adjustments, such as a liquid or soft diet, are usually required for several weeks following surgery.
13. Scarring
– Risk: as most incisions are made inside the mouth, visible scars are rare, but some internal scarring may still occur, which can affect healing.
– Management: Good post-operative care and following our guidelines can help reduce the risk of problematic scarring.
14. Anaesthesia-related risks
– Risk: As with any surgery, there are risks associated with general anaesthesia, such as allergic reactions or complications with breathing or heart function.
– Management: Anaesthesia is generally safe, and the anaesthetist will monitor you closely throughout the procedure to minimise risks.
15. Psychological impact
– Risk: Undergoing major surgery, particularly surgery that affects facial appearance, can have psychological effects. Some patients may experience anxiety, depression or body image issues following surgery.
– Management: It is important for patients to have support networks and to discuss any psychological concerns with their healthcare providers. Counselling or support groups may be helpful during the recovery process.
Conclusion
Whilst most patients achieve satisfactory results with orthognathic surgery, these risks highlight the importance of thorough pre-operative planning, working with an experienced surgical team and carefully following post-operative care instructions. We will provide you with detailed information specific to your case and take steps to minimise these risks.
Is orthodontic treatment necessary before orthognathic surgery?
No, orthodontic treatment is not always necessary before orthognathic surgery, but it is usually required in most cases to achieve optimal results. Orthodontic treatment (braces or clear aligners) helps to align the teeth and prepare the bite for surgery. The reasons why it is usually recommended are set out below:
1. Alignment of the teeth
Before surgery, orthodontic treatment ensures that the teeth are correctly aligned within each dental arch (upper and lower jaw). This step is crucial because orthognathic surgery focuses primarily on correcting the position of the jaws, not the teeth themselves.
2. Ensuring a proper bite after surgery
If the teeth are not correctly aligned before surgery, the final bite may not fit together properly once the jaws have been repositioned. Pre-surgical orthodontic treatment ensures that, following surgery, the teeth come together in a way that guarantees a functional bite.
3. Complex cases
In cases of severe malocclusions (misalignment of the teeth) or skeletal discrepancies, both orthodontic treatment and surgery are required to correct the relationship between the teeth and the jaws. The orthodontist and the surgeon work together to plan the treatment.
When orthodontic treatment is not necessary:
– Mild jaw discrepancies: in cases where only realignment of the jaws is required without significant tooth movement, surgery can be performed without prior orthodontic treatment.
– ‘Surgery first’ approach: some patients may be candidates for the ‘surgery first’ approach, in which surgery is performed first, followed by orthodontic treatment. This method is less common and requires specific conditions to be met.
In summary, whilst orthodontic treatment is usually necessary before orthognathic surgery to align the teeth correctly, there are exceptions depending on the nature of the jaw or bite problems.
What are the different types of orthognathic surgery?
Orthognathic surgery involves correcting abnormalities in the jaw and facial bones to improve function, appearance and bite alignment. There are several types of orthognathic surgery, each targeting different areas of the jaw and face. Below is an overview of the most common types:
1. Bilateral split sagittal osteotomy (BSSO)
– Purpose: one of the most common types of surgery for repositioning the lower jaw.
– Procedure: in this surgery, the lower jaw is divided into two parts on each side, allowing it to be moved forwards or backwards as required. It can be used for both overbites and underbites.
– Conditions treated:
– Underbite or overbite
– Jaw asymmetry
2. Genioplasty (chin surgery)
– Purpose: to alter the shape, size or position of the chin. It is often performed in conjunction with other jaw surgeries for aesthetic or functional reasons.
– Procedure: the chin bone is cut and repositioned or reshaped to improve facial balance and harmony.
– Conditions treated:
– Recessed chin (chin deficiency)
– Protruding chin (excess chin)
– Chin asymmetry
3. Le Fort osteotomy (maxillary surgery)
– Purpose: this surgery is used to correct problems in the upper jaw, and there are different types depending on the severity and location of the problem:
– Le Fort I: this is the most common type and is used to reposition the entire upper jaw.
– Le Fort II and III: rare and more complex procedures to correct problems in the midface region, such as severe trauma or congenital deformities.
– Procedure: The upper jaw is separated from the base of the skull and repositioned to achieve better alignment with the lower jaw and other facial structures.
– Conditions treated:
– Severe midface retrusion
– Open bite
– Crossbite
4. Segmental osteotomy
– Purpose: Corrects a section or segment of the jaw rather than the entire jaw. It is often performed for minor jaw problems or specific aspects of the bite.
– Procedure: a section of the jaw is cut and repositioned; this may be part of the upper jaw or the lower jaw.
– Conditions treated:
– Localised dental or jaw problems
– Minor deformities affecting certain teeth
5. Double jaw surgery (bimaxillary osteotomy)
– Aim: This involves simultaneous surgery on the upper and lower jaws to correct more complex facial or bite problems.
– Procedure: Both the upper jaw and the lower jaw are repositioned during a single operation, usually to treat severe cases of misalignment or asymmetry.
– Conditions treated:
– Severe crossbite, overbite or open bite
– Jaw asymmetry or facial imbalance
– Obstructive sleep apnoea in some cases
6. Orthognathic surgery for sleep apnoea
– Aim: designed to reposition the jaw and open the airway, helping patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) to breathe more easily during the night.
– Procedure: this often involves moving the upper or lower jaw forwards to widen the airway.
– Conditions treated:
– Obstructive sleep apnoea
– Airway obstructions
Conclusion
Each type of orthognathic surgery is tailored to address specific dental or skeletal abnormalities and, in many cases, multiple surgeries (for example, a double jaw surgery) are performed to achieve the best functional and aesthetic results. We work together to decide which type is most appropriate for each patient’s condition.
Are there any scars left after orthognathic surgery?
Orthognathic surgery generally leaves minimal or no scarring because most of the incisions are made inside the mouth. Below is a more detailed description of scarring following orthognathic surgery:
1. Intraoral incisions (inside the mouth)
– Primary method: most orthognathic surgeries, including those involving the upper jaw (maxillary osteotomy), lower jaw (mandibular osteotomy) and chin surgery (genioplasty), are performed via incisions inside the mouth.
– Outcome: as the incisions are made along the gums, the scars are concealed within the oral cavity and are not visible externally. These scars generally heal well and are not noticeable.
2. Healing and scar management
– Healing process: the healing process for internal incisions is generally rapid and causes minimal discomfort. The stitches used inside the mouth are usually absorbable.
– Post-operative care: we recommend maintaining good oral hygiene to promote healing and prevent infections. If external incisions are made, we will provide the patient with specific instructions for scar care to minimise their appearance, such as using silicone gels, avoiding sun exposure or undergoing laser treatments if necessary.
– Long-term appearance: Over time, most scars (whether internal or external) fade and may become almost invisible.
Conclusion
In the vast majority of cases, orthognathic surgery leaves no visible scars due to the use of intraoral incisions. If external incisions are required, the scars are usually minimal and can be managed with proper care.
What happens after orthognathic surgery?
Following orthognathic surgery, there is a recovery period comprising several stages, each of which requires specific attention and care. The post-operative process generally involves healing, monitoring and follow-up treatments to ensure the best possible results. Here is what the patient can expect:
1. Immediate post-operative period (hospital stay)
– Hospital stay: most patients remain in hospital for 1 or 2 days following surgery, depending on the complexity of the procedure and their general health.
– Swelling and bruising: Significant facial swelling and bruising are common and may peak 2 to 3 days after surgery. This gradually subsides over the following days.
– Pain and discomfort: Pain is usually managed with prescribed painkillers. Most patients experience discomfort due to swelling, tightness or numbness, particularly around the jaw and mouth.
– Numbness: Numbness in the lips, cheeks and chin is common due to nerve damage during surgery. It can last for weeks and, in some rare cases, be long-lasting.
– Breathing and eating: Breathing through the nose may be difficult at first due to swelling, particularly following upper jaw surgery. The patient will likely need to follow a liquid diet for the first week or two and will gradually progress to eating soft foods.
2. The first few weeks after surgery (initial healing)
– Diet: In the first few weeks, patients usually follow a liquid diet (milkshakes, soups) and progress to a soft diet (mashed potato, soft pasta, scrambled eggs) as the jaw heals. Chewing is generally not permitted during this period to protect the surgical site.
– Reducing swelling and bruising: Swelling will begin to subside after the first week, but some residual swelling may persist for longer. Cold compresses and keeping your head elevated help to reduce swelling.
– Jaw mobility: movement of the jaw will be restricted, either by elastic bands or other means. Gradual jaw exercises may be introduced after a few weeks, as directed by the surgeon.
– Oral hygiene: Oral hygiene is very important to prevent infections. Patients use a special mouthwash and brush their teeth carefully to avoid touching the surgical site.
– Pain management: Pain decreases significantly after the first week, but over-the-counter painkillers may be needed as you gradually stop taking prescribed painkillers.
3. Follow-up appointments
– First check-up: a follow-up appointment is usually arranged within the first week to monitor the healing process. We check for swelling, jaw stability and overall recovery.
– X-rays and assessments: X-rays are usually taken to ensure that the bones are healing in the correct position.
– Orthodontic adjustments: if orthodontic treatment (braces or aligners) has been part of the treatment plan, the patient will continue to see their orthodontist for adjustments. These may begin within two weeks of surgery.
4. The first few months after surgery (recovery and adjustment)
– Return to a normal diet: after approximately 4 to 6 weeks, patients can usually start eating more solid foods, but hard or crunchy foods may still be restricted. They may not be allowed to chew fully for several months.
– Recovery from numbness and sensitivity: the numbness will continue to improve, although it may take up to a year for sensitivity to return fully. In exceptional cases, some areas – particularly around the lips or chin – may remain permanently numb.
– Swelling: whilst significant swelling subsides after the first month, mild swelling may persist for up to six months or a year, particularly in the cheeks or jaw.
5. Final stages of recovery
– Jaw exercises: As the patient recovers, we will provide jaw exercises to improve the mobility, strength and flexibility of the jaw. We recommend physiotherapy to aid your recovery.
– Braces or aligners: if the patient has undergone orthodontic treatment, they will continue to wear braces or aligners for several months after surgery to adjust the alignment of the teeth and the bite. Most patients wear braces for between 6 and 12 months after surgery.
– Wound healing and bone healing: any internal or external incisions will continue to heal, and the bones should heal completely within 6 months to a year. X-rays may be taken to monitor bone healing.
– Bite stabilisation: it may take some time for the patient to feel that their bite is normal as the muscles and bones adjust to their new positions. Your orthodontist will fine-tune this over the months following surgery.
6. Long-term results
– Appearance: most patients see the full aesthetic results of their surgery after 6 to 12 months, once the swelling has completely subsided.
– Improved function: over time, patients experience better bite alignment, improved chewing efficiency and, in some cases, improved breathing if the surgery was related to conditions such as obstructive sleep apnoea.
– Nerve sensation: whilst most numbness resolves within a few weeks, it can take up to a year to fully regain sensation. In rare cases, some numbness may be permanent.
– Final orthodontic results: once orthodontic treatment is complete, the braces or aligners will be removed and retainers will be worn to maintain the new alignment of the teeth and jaws.
Conclusion
Recovery following orthognathic surgery is a gradual process involving both healing and follow-up care. Initial discomfort, swelling and limited jaw function improve over the first few weeks, but full recovery may take several months or a year. Follow-up appointments with Dr Birbe and the orthodontist are essential to ensure a smooth recovery and the best functional and aesthetic results.
What would be the cost of orthognathic surgery?
The cost of orthognathic surgery can vary widely depending on several factors, including the complexity of the procedure, geographical location, the surgeon’s fees and whether the patient has insurance cover. Below is a general breakdown of what you can expect:
1. Average costs
– Single-jaw surgery: this usually ranges from 8,000 to 11,000 euros. This includes the cost of the surgery itself, anaesthesia and the fees charged by the hospital or surgical centre.
– Surgery on both jaws: this can cost between 11,000 and 16,000 euros or more. This is because it involves more complex surgical procedures and longer recovery times.
– Additional procedures: if other procedures are required, such as chin surgery (genioplasty) or corrective surgery for the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the costs may increase.
2. Factors affecting the cost
– Surgeon’s experience: Highly experienced or specialised surgeons may charge more due to their expertise.
– Hospital or centre fees: Costs may vary depending on the facility where the surgery is performed. Surgical centres may have different fee structures compared to hospitals.
– Pre- and post-operative care: The costs of pre-operative consultations, imaging (such as X-rays), post-operative follow-up appointments and any necessary orthodontic treatment may add to the total cost.
– Insurance cover: some health insurance plans may cover part of the cost, particularly if the surgery is deemed medically necessary (for example, for severe bite problems that affect function or cause pain). Cover for cosmetic improvements may be limited or excluded.
3. Payment options
– Financing schemes: Many surgical centres and dental practices offer financing options or payment plans to help manage the cost.
– Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) or Flexible Spending Accounts (FSAs): these accounts can sometimes be used to pay for surgical expenses, depending on the specific details of the plan. If you have reimbursement-based insurance, we accept it.
4. Additional Costs
– Orthodontics: if orthodontic treatment forms part of the patient’s plan, this can add several thousand dollars to the total cost.
– Medication: post-operative medication and any additional treatment or therapy (for example, physiotherapy for jaw exercises) may increase costs.
Summary
Orthognathic surgery is a significant investment, with costs ranging from 13,000 to 22,000 euros depending on complexity and location. Insurance cover and financing options can help manage these costs, and it is important to discuss all potential expenses with your surgical team and your insurance provider to gain a clear understanding of the total financial commitment.
